Scale | Item | Mean ± SD | ITC | Item deleted α | Cronbach’s α | Explained variance (%): | Factor loading | CR | AVE | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18.4 | 18.1 | 14.7 | 11.9 | ||||||||||
Sub-scale1 | K1 | Snoring in children during sleep is a disease | 3.71 ± 1.00 | 0.57 | 0.928 | 0.929 |  | 0.75 |  |  |  | 0.86 | 0.50 |
K2 | Children snoring needs medical treatment. | 3.52 ± 1.10 | 0.66 | 0.926 |  | 0.73 |  |  |  | ||||
K3 | Knowing which hospital department to visit for children snoring. | 3.21 ± 1.20 | 0.62 | 0.927 |  | 0.68 |  |  |  | ||||
K4 | Obesity is a cause of snoring in children. | 3.58 ± 1.07 | 0.58 | 0.928 |  | 0.70 |  |  |  | ||||
K5 | Adenoid hypertrophy and chronic tonsillitis are popular cause of children snoring. | 3.43 ± 1.17 | 0.67 | 0.926 |  | 0.67 |  |  |  | ||||
K6 | Nasal disorders (e.g. sinusitis, deviated septum, nasal polyps, etc.) are a cause of snoring in children. | 3.43 ± 1.12 | 0.66 | 0.927 |  | 0.72 |  |  |  | ||||
Sub-scale2 | K7 | Children snoring can affect intelligent development. | 3.16 ± 1.18 | 0.71 | 0.926 | 0.927 |  |  | 0.79 |  |  | 0.91 | 0.67 |
K8 | Children snoring can affect the development of facial features. | 3.16 ± 1.22 | 0.7 | 0.926 |  |  | 0.80 |  |  | ||||
K9 | Children snoring can lead to behavioural problems (e.g. social withdrawal, aggression, hyperactivity, etc.). | 2.91 ± 1.16 | 0.7 | 0.926 |  |  | 0.84 |  |  | ||||
K10 | Children snoring can lead to headaches, fatigue, poor concentration in class and memory loss. | 3.17 ± 1.20 | 0.7 | 0.926 |  |  | 0.81 |  |  | ||||
K11 | Children snoring can lead to otitis media (fluid in the middle ear, hearing loss). | 2.89 ± 1.16 | 0.7 | 0.926 |  |  | 0.84 |  |  | ||||
Sub-scale3 | A1 | Parents should pay close attention to whether their children snore while sleeping. | 4.69 ± 0.73 | 0.34 | 0.931 | 0.931 |  |  |  | 0.61 |  | 0.87 | 0.52 |
A2 | The child’s weight needs to be kept within normal limits. | 4.71 ± 0.70 | 0.39 | 0.931 |  |  |  | 0.64 |  | ||||
A3 | Children Snoring needs to be improved as soon as possible. | 4.73 ± 0.69 | 0.36 | 0.930 |  |  |  | 0.76 |  | ||||
A4 | Take the initiative to seek medical advice or consultation if you notice your child snore. | 4.6 ± 0.70 | 0.48 | 0.929 |  |  |  | 0.79 |  | ||||
A5 | If the doctor recommends specialist treatment for Children Snoring, do you agree? | 4.58 ± 0.76 | 0.46 | 0.929 |  |  |  | 0.78 |  | ||||
A7 | Hope that hospitals, communities, schools and the media will widely disseminate the health information about Children Snoring. | 4.64 ± 0.70 | 0.33 | 0.931 |  |  |  | 0.74 |  | ||||
Sub-scale4 | P1 | Pay attention to child’s breathing during sleep. | 4.09 ± 0.96 | 0.56 | 0.928 | 0.928 |  |  |  |  | 0.65 | 0.90 | 0.53 |
P2 | If child develops nasal congestion (poor nasal ventilation), the child will be taken to a doctor. | 4.10 ± 1.02 | 0.57 | 0.928 |  |  |  |  | 0.74 | ||||
P3 | If child snore while sleeping, the child will be taken to a doctor. | 3.71 ± 1.25 | 0.66 | 0.927 |  |  |  |  | 0.72 | ||||
P4 | Pay attention to the child’s mental state during the day and his or her concentration while studying. | 3.99 ± 1.03 | 0.62 | 0.928 |  |  |  |  | 0.80 | ||||
P5 | Pay attention to whether child has hearing loss (e.g. TV turned up loud). | 4.03 ± 1.00 | 0.58 | 0.928 |  |  |  |  | 0.80 | ||||
P6 | Pay attention to child’s upper jaw and upper lip for significant outward protrusion. | 3.86 ± 1.14 | 0.67 | 0.927 |  |  |  |  | 0.73 | ||||
P7 | Arrange child’s diet and nutrition scientifically. | 4.12 ± 0.92 | 0.66 | 0.929 |  |  |  |  | 0.74 | ||||
P8 | Supervise and urge child to take physical exercise everyday. | 4.17 ± 0.91 | 0.71 | 0.929 |  |  |  |  | 0.67 | ||||
Total | - | 101.67 ± 15.85 | - | - | Overall Cronbach’s α = 0.93 | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |